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The brain doesn't have a hidden "lizard": a 70-year-old myth debunked
Science
Artificial intelligence

The brain doesn't have a hidden "lizard": a 70-year-old myth debunked

ZAP Notícias12 September 2026 at 10:00

An investigation conducted on 182 animal species has debunked a myth of about 70 years about the structure of the human brain. The popular idea that the human brain is composed of stacked layers, from the most primitive to the most evolved, with a hidden ancestral "lizard brain" beneath more sophisticated structures, does not correspond to reality. The study demonstrates that there is no such separation between a rational mind and primitive instincts.

The investigation showed that the determining factor for understanding the brain is not its supposed evolution by layers, but rather the way neurons are connected to each other at the moment of birth. This discovery represents a fundamental shift in the way scientists understand brain organization.

This new perspective on brain architecture may have important implications for the development of artificial intelligence. The logic identified by the researchers suggests that more efficient computational models could be created taking into account the neuronal connectivity present from the beginning of development.

The cultural tension between logic and emotions, often represented as a battle between two different minds, needs to be revised in light of these findings. The brain does not function as a simple hierarchical structure, but rather as a more complex system whose fundamental characteristics are determined by the neuronal connections established even before birth.

Why this matters

The article is of interest to readers in Portugal who are interested in neuroscience and want to better understand how the human brain actually works, dismantling a popular idea that has persisted for decades. The research may also be relevant for those working in technology and artificial intelligence, suggesting new approaches for the development of more efficient systems.

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