The El Niño meteorological phenomenon is a natural climate event that occurs in the equatorial Pacific region. It is a significant change in the temperature patterns of the surface waters of this ocean, causing impacts on the entire global climate system.
This phenomenon does not occur regularly, but rather at intervals that vary between two and seven years. When it manifests, its consequences can be felt in various parts of the world, altering rainfall patterns, droughts, and other meteorological conditions.
The main characteristic of El Niño is the increase in temperatures in the central and eastern zones of the equatorial Pacific. This rise in sea surface temperatures interferes with atmospheric circulation and can generate drastic climate changes in various regions of the planet.
The phenomenon has been studied and monitored by scientists, given its potential to cause extreme climate events, including floods in some areas and severe droughts in others, affecting communities, agriculture, and ecosystems around the world.
