Portugal is among the European countries that regressed the most in democratic performance between 2020 and 2025, according to the report "The Global State of Democracy 2026: Democracy in an Era of Conflict," published by International IDEA, an organization based in Stockholm.
The document analyzes 173 countries in four main areas: Representation, Rights, Rule of Law and Participation. Among the countries studied, Portugal, together with Germany and the United Kingdom, recorded significant erosion in civil liberties and electoral credibility.
This report places Portugal among the biggest democratic setbacks in Europe during this five-year period. The democratic regression trend observed in Portugal fits within a broader context of challenges faced by democracy on a global scale.




