The article addresses the "birth tourism" phenomenon as a new emigration trend in Russia, where Russian women travel abroad specifically to give birth and obtain a second nationality for their children. This type of emigration represents a different migratory wave from previous ones, focused not on seeking work or better living conditions, but on acquiring citizenship rights through the place of birth.
The trend emerges in a context of geopolitical instability and economic uncertainty in Russia, leading families to seek to guarantee an "exit door" through their children's nationality. Countries such as the United States, various European Union states, and other nations that follow the jus soli principle (right of the soil) become popular destinations for these Russian women.
Destination states are beginning to react to this trend, with some implementing restrictive measures to limit or control this practice. The authorities of these countries assess the security risks and economic implications associated with this form of temporary immigration.
The phenomenon raises questions about the boundaries between mobility rights, family protection strategies, and each country's migration policies. Russian women who choose this path consider it a way to guarantee future opportunities for their children, including access to education, healthcare, and freedom of movement that Russian citizenship does not offer.
