The state of Piauí reached the mark of 3.39 million inhabitants in 2026, according to recent population data. The recorded growth was 0.24%, indicating an increase in the state's population compared to the previous period.
Despite the growth, Piauí continues with population rates below the national average. The state remains among the least populous in Brazil, holding a modest position in the ranking of Brazilian states.
Teresina, the capital of Piauí, appears as the 16th most populous capital in the country. The city concentrates a significant portion of the state's total population, maintaining its role as the main urban and economic center of Piauí.




