Spain drops out of top 12 largest economies in the world after being overtaken by Mexico and AustraliaPhoto by Vinícius Vieira ft on Pexels
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Spain drops out of top 12 largest economies in the world after being overtaken by Mexico and Australia

Eco28 August 2026 at 14:32

Spain fell to 14th position among the world's largest economies after being overtaken by Mexico and Australia, according to International Monetary Fund projections. Spanish GDP is expected to reach $2.09 trillion in 2026, below the $2.12 trillion forecast for Mexico and the $2.123 trillion estimated for Australia. This loss of positions does not, however, mean a slowdown of the Spanish economy, which continues to grow above the European average, with GDP increasing 0.7% in the second quarter on a quarterly basis and 2.7% year-on-year.

Job creation has become one of the main engines of this expansion. A total of 780,000 jobs were created in 2023, 500,000 in 2024 and 605,400 in 2025, bringing the number of employed people to a record 22.7 million. Mexico's demographic size helps explain its advantage, with approximately 133 million inhabitants compared to Spain's nearly 50 million, and the IMF forecasts that Mexico's population will exceed 134 million next year.

Australia benefits, in addition to population growth, from the weight of the mining sector and the appreciation of its currency, which helps increase the value of GDP when converted to dollars. A significant part of the Spanish expansion results from the increase in population and the workforce driven by immigration, which has helped fuel employment and consumption, but also increases pressure on housing, with the average price per square meter reaching 2,114 euros in June.

The United States maintains the lead in the ranking, followed by China, Germany, Japan and the United Kingdom, according to the IMF.


A Espanha caiu para a 14.ª posição entre as maiores economias do mundo, depois de ser ultrapassada pelo México e pela Austrália, segundo as últimas projeções do Fundo Monetário Internacional (FMI), citadas pelo El Economista. O PIB espanhol deverá atingir 2,09 biliões de dólares em 2026, abaixo dos 2,12 biliões previstos para o México e dos 2,123 biliões estimados para a Austrália.

A perda de posições não significa, contudo, uma travagem da economia espanhola. O país continua a crescer acima da média europeia, com o PIB a aumentar 0,7% no segundo trimestre, em cadeia, e 2,7% em termos homólogos. A criação de emprego tornou-se num dos principais motores desta expansão: foram criados 780 mil empregos em 2023, 500 mil em 2024 e 605.400 em 2025, elevando o número de pessoas empregadas para um recorde de 22,7 milhões.

Inscritos na Segurança Social batem recordes em Espanha

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A dimensão demográfica ajuda a explicar a vantagem do México, que tem cerca de 133 milhões de habitantes, contra quase 50 milhões em Espanha. O FMI prevê que a população mexicana ultrapasse os 134 milhões no próximo ano. Já a Austrália beneficia, além do crescimento populacional, do peso do setor mineiro e da valorização da sua moeda, que contribui para aumentar o valor do PIB quando convertido para dólares.

O crescimento espanhol tem, assim, uma particularidade: uma parte significativa da expansão do PIB resulta do aumento da população e da força de trabalho, impulsionado pela imigração. O fenómeno tem ajudado a alimentar o emprego e o consumo, mas também aumenta a pressão sobre a habitação, com o preço médio do metro quadrado a atingir 2.114 euros em junho.

Os Estados Unidos mantêm a liderança do ranking, seguidos pela China, Alemanha, Japão e Reino Unido, segundo o FMI.

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