Rules for entering the stock exchange change and help SMEsPhoto by Maycon Dos Santos on Pexels
Business

Rules for entering the stock exchange change and help SMEs

Jornal Económico28 August 2026 at 10:00

The new rules for stock exchange listing, published by the Government through Decree-Law No. 171/2026, introduce significant changes to the Portuguese capital market. The decree, which enters into force on September 1, 2026, aims to facilitate companies' access to capital markets and reduce regulatory burdens, particularly for SMEs. The measures transpose various European rules into Portugal, including the "Listing Act" package.

Among the main changes, the reduction of the minimum free float from 25% to 10% stands out, meaning that a lower dispersion of shares among the public is now required for a company to list on the stock exchange. The prospectus exemption threshold also rises from 8 to 12 million euros for offers or issuances of securities within a 12-month period. Specific segments for growing SMEs are also created in multilateral trading systems, with more flexible admission rules.

In the field of investment recommendations, the 1,000 million euro market capitalization limit that conditioned the possibility of combining execution fee payments and research disappears. The so-called "issuer-sponsored studies", paid for wholly or partially by companies, are also created. The decree also simplifies the rules for suspension of trading in financial instruments and eliminates, in certain situations, the obligation to send periodic statements to investors with securities of companies in liquidation or insolvency.

The legislation also partially transposes the ESAP (European Single Access Point) that will centralize financial information about companies and financial products, with new obligations entering into force in a phased manner between 2028 and 2030. The increase to 90% of capital is another of the amendments provided for in the decree that amends the Securities Code.

As novas regras trazem alterações significativas ao mercado de capitais, começando pela redução do free float mínimo de 25% para 10%. Isto significa que passa a ser necessária uma menor dispersão de ações pelo público para que uma empresa entre em bolsa, sendo que a entidade gestora do mercado pode ainda aceitar percentagens mais baixas, caso a caso.

Paralelamente, o limiar de isenção de prospeto aumenta. O valor das ofertas ou emissões de valores mobiliários (ações ou obrigações) isentas de prospeto sobe de 8 para 12 milhões de euros num período de 12 meses. O documento estabelece que a regra se aplica “a ofertas de valores mobiliários ao público cujo valor agregado total dos valores mobiliários oferecidos na União Europeia seja inferior a 12.000.000 euros, por emitente ou oferente, calculado ao longo de um período de 12 meses”.

O diploma cria também segmentos específicos para PME (Pequenas e Médias Empresas) em crescimento nos sistemas de negociação multilateral, com regras de admissão mais flexíveis.

Outra mudança é a subida para 90% do capital do limiar para o exercício da aquisição potestativa (squeeze-out).

Nas recomendações de investimento, desaparece o limite de capitalização bolsista de 1.000 milhões de euros que condicionava a possibilidade de juntar os pagamentos por serviços de execução e research. São ainda criados os chamados “estudos patrocinados por emitentes”, pagos total ou parcialmente pelas empresas.

O diploma simplifica igualmente as regras de suspensão da negociação de instrumentos financeiros e elimina, em determinadas situações, a obrigação de envio periódico de extratos a investidores com títulos de empresas em liquidação ou insolvência.

A legislação transpõe ainda parcialmente o ESAP, o ponto de acesso único europeu que vai centralizar informação financeira sobre empresas e produtos financeiros. As novas obrigações entram em vigor de forma faseada entre 2028 e 2030.

As medidas fazem parte de um decreto-lei que entra em vigor em 1 de setembro de 2026, com exceção das regras relativas ao ESAP, que terão aplicação em datas posteriores.

O Governo publicou o Decreto-Lei n.º 171/2026, que altera o Código dos Valores Mobiliários e transpõe para Portugal várias regras europeias, incluindo o pacote “Listing Act”, com o objetivo de facilitar o acesso das empresas aos mercados de capitais e reduzir encargos regulatórios, sobretudo para as PME.

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